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Dengue and Malaria are two serious mosquito-borne diseases that affect millions of people worldwide, especially in tropical and subtropical regions.
Dengue is caused by the dengue virus, which is transmitted by the Aedes mosquito, primarily active during the daytime. Symptoms usually begin 4–10 days after the bite and include high fever, severe headaches, joint and muscle pain (often called "breakbone fever"), rash, and bleeding in severe cases. In some patients, it can progress to Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever or Dengue Shock Syndrome, which can be life-threatening. There is no specific antiviral treatment for dengue; care mainly involves managing symptoms, staying hydrated, and in severe cases, hospitalization. Preventing dengue focuses on avoiding mosquito bites and eliminating mosquito breeding grounds such as stagnant water.
Malaria, on the other hand, is caused by Plasmodium parasites, which are transmitted through the bites of infected Anopheles mosquitoes, mostly active at night. Symptoms of malaria include recurring fever, chills, sweating, fatigue, nausea, and in some cases, complications like anemia, kidney failure, or even coma if not treated. Unlike dengue, malaria can be treated and cured with antimalarial medications, though drug resistance in some regions poses a challenge. Prevention includes the use of insecticide-treated bed nets, mosquito repellents, and in some cases, preventive medication for travelers or people living in high-risk areas. Both diseases highlight the importance of mosquito control, early diagnosis, and access to medical care in reducing the burden of mosquito-borne illnesses.